Calamiana

A diagnostic key to all valid species of Calamiana 1. Head pores absent............................................................................. C. mindora 1a. Interorbital region with head pores........................................................................ 2 2a. First dorsal fin triangular, second to third spines filamentous in adult males; with pairs of head pores α, β, λ, ω, κ1, κ, σ, and ρ ................................................................................. C. taiwanensis sp. nov. 2b. First dorsal fin triangular to rounded and spines rarely filamentous; head pores σ, κ1, β and ρ absent................... 3 3a. Longitudinal scale series 30–32; second dorsal fin rays I/8; anal fin rays I/8; with compressed teeth in upper jaw like none of the others.................................................................................. C. variegata 3b. Longitudinal scale series 34–37; second dorsal fin rays I/7; anal fin rays I/7.................................. C. illota