Gene Expression in The Bovine Gastro-Intestinal Tract During Nematode Infection

Gastrointestinal nematodes are among the most significant diseases impacting the American cattle industry, causing economic losses of over $2 billion each year. These parasitic worms, comprising more than 41 identified species, predominantly affect the abomasum, small intestine, and large intestine of cattle. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating acquired immunity, immunosuppression, and innate resistance. This knowledge is essential for advancing novel control strategies, such as vaccines and genetic selection for resistant herds. Studies have shown that nematode infections significantly alter the host's gene expression patterns. This chapter explores four key areas: - Recent advancements in understanding cytokine expression patterns during nematode infections. The function of cell adhesion molecules, such as collectins, galectins, and cadherins, in modulating immune responses. The impact of mucins and their biosynthesis on the progression of nematode infections. Alterations in regulatory pathways and networks caused by parasitic infections. The findings offer valuable insights into cattle-parasite interactions, contributing to the development of more effective strategies to strengthen immunity and resistance against gastrointestinal nematodes.