Characterization and Spectrophotometric Monitoring of the Chilean Night Sky

Light pollution is a globally recognized problem that, like other forms of anthropogenic pollution, severely affects ecosystems and has adverse effects on human health. Since the 1970s, Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) has become a significant concern for the astronomical community, as the inadequate and inefficient use of illumination has diminished the capacity of observatories to observe the Universe. In Chile, this issue is particularly critical, as it is estimated that by 2030, the country will host approximately 70% of the world’s astronomical research. Therefore, it is crucial to characterize and monitor both natural and artificial sources responsible for the brightness of the night sky. In this contribution, we present measurements made with the Sky Quality Camera and a spectrograph from sites selected for their astronomical, naturalistic, and touristic value in northern Chile. These data contribute to understanding the evolution of ALAN and serve as a tool to preserve dark skies, which are a cultural and scientific heritage of great importance for all humanity.