Toxicity and Adverse Effects of Herbal Ingredients in Cosmetic Products: A Comprehensive Review

Herbal ingredients have gained widespread popularity in cosmetic formulations due to their perceived safety and natural origin. However, the assumption that "natural" equates to "safe" is not always valid. Several herbal compounds used in cosmetics are associated with adverse reactions, toxicity, and long-term health concerns. This review critically evaluates the safety of commonly used herbal ingredients in cosmetics, highlighting known toxicities, side effects, and regulatory challenges. By analyzing clinical studies, case reports, and toxicological assessments, this article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential risks associated with herbal cosmetics. Additionally, it emphasizes the need for stricter regulation and more rigorous safety evaluations to ensure consumer protection.