Sustainable Energy Planning for Galapagos Islands

The Galapagos Islands face significant energy challenges due to their high dependence on fossil fuels, which threatens their unique and fragile ecosystem. In response, the Galapagos Energy Transition Plan for 2030 aims to achieve 85% renewable energy integration, necessitating strategic investments in clean energy infrastructure. This case study assesses energy access potential across different sectors using geospatial analysis tools to identify optimal solutions for sustainable electrification.Four scenarios were analyzed: (1) Domestic Grids, where low energy demand suggests that off-grid rooftop solar systems may be more viable than a new mini-grid; (2) Social and Productive Grids, where grid extension is the most cost-effective solution for connecting schools, healthcare facilities, and markets; (3) Industrial Grids, where high energy demand and strong solar potential justify the investment in a new solar power plant; and (4) Mixed-Use Grids, where replacing an existing thermal plant with a solar-powered alternative could enhance energy security and sustainability.Findings highlight the importance of balancing economic feasibility, environmental protection, and energy reliability in decision-making. Future work should focus on detailed economic evaluations, carbon credit assessments, and public-private partnerships to accelerate the energy transition. Ultimately, the integration of renewable energy in the Galápagos Islands is not only a necessity for reducing carbon emissions but also an opportunity to reinforce its role as a global model for sustainable development.