"Genetic Synergy: How Genetics and Environment Shape Livestock"

Abstract The genotype-environment correlation and interaction are vital for optimizing animal performance and welfare. Genotype-environment correlation refers to the way an animal’s genetic makeup influences its exposure to specific environments, which can affect its development and performance. This correlation can be passive, where genetics affect environmental exposure; evocative, where genetic traits elicit particular environmental responses; or active, where animals seek out environments that match their genetic predispositions. Genotype-environment interaction involves the differential effect of genetic variants on traits depending on environmental conditions, or the influence of environmental factors on the expression of genetic traits. These interactions highlight the complex interplay between genetics and environment, informing breeding and management strategies aimed at optimizing animal health, productivity, and adaptability.