Incidence of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Malignancy in Patients with Dyspepsia in India

Background and Objectives: Dyspepsia is a common condition that cliniciansencounter in their practice and it has a great impact on the patients quality of life. Theincidence of upper gastrointestinal tract malignancy in patients with dyspepsia and theirpredictability based on history is unknown. This study helps to evaluate the incidenceof upper GIT malignancy, different endoscopic presentation of dyspepsia, to reduceunwanted prescriptions, and to study importance of upper GI endoscopy. Methodology:Study includes 140 dyspeptic patients attending the OPD and admitted to all the unitsin Department of General Surgery in SSIMS & RC, Davangere with the complaints ofupper abdominal pain/discomfort, nausea, vomiting, bloating/fullness of upperabdomen and were evaluated by detailed history & clinical examination followed byupper GI Endoscopy after getting written consent from patients. Biopsy were taken forHPE if any suspicious lesion of malignancy is present. This study conducted overperiod of two years. Results: A total of 140 patients 84 are males and 56 are females.Maximum of these were in age groups between 25 to 55 years. Most commonsymptoms were epigastricpainac counting for 81.4%, followed by nausea/vomiting,heartburn, food intolerance, in digestion and weight loss. The endoscopy were normalin 72(51.4%) patients. The abnormal findings included gastritis accounting for 19.3%,gastritis with duodenitis (7.1%). hiatus hernia (4.3%), duodenal ulcer (3.6%)esophagitis (2.9%), Ca esophagus (2.9%), Ca stomach (2.1%) and gastric ulcer (1.4%)Incidence of malignancy is increased in patient with dyspepsia along with alarmingsymptoms. Conclusion: Dyspepsia with alarm symptoms increases risk of malignancy,whereas in dyspepsia without alarm symptoms there is reduced risk of malignancy.Incidence of upper GIT malignancy in dyspeptic patient with significant upper GIscopy findings is 5.7%.