Analysis of Neoplastic Lesions of Thyroid with TIRADS and BETHESDA Correlation in a Tertiary Care Centre

Introduction: Neoplastic lesions of the thyroid include benign and malignant tumors which require thyroidectomy to categorise the lesions, its extent and to determine further therapeutic management. Aim: 1. To identify the most prevalent neoplastic lesions, sex and age wise distribution. 2. To analyse the correlation of the available TIRADS, BETHESDA categories with the histopathology diagnosis of the neoplasm. Settings and Design: This study was conducted in the Institute of Pathology, Madras Medical College, and Tamil Nadu from January 2022 to December 2023. It is a retrospective study in which all the thyroidectomy specimens received were subjected to histopathological examination and the details of the available TIRADS and BETHESDA categories were obtained. Materials and Methods: After the Histopathology examination, the neoplastic lesions including benign and malignant were analysed as per age and sex using Microsoft office (excel and word). Neoplastic lesions with Bethesda and TIRADS category correlation is assessed using SPSS software. Results and Conclusions: Of the 234 neoplastic lesions, 78.2% seen in females and 21.7% were seen in males. Papillary carcinoma thyroid occupied 64.5% and rare neoplasms like Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Anaplastic and Medullary carcinoma occupies 0.8%, 1.28%, 2.13%, 1.28% respectively. TIRADS (88 cases) and BETHESDA (131 cases) were analysed. Correlation of more than 95 percentage seen in tirads 4 and 5, Bethesda 5 and 6 with the histopathology diagnosis. Meticulous examination and analysing the lesions using the essential and desirable criteria as per WHO can aid in the accurate diagnosis.