LvL UP 1, a holistic mHealth lifestyle coaching intervention for the prevention of non-communicable diseases and common mental disorders: a mixed methods feasibility study

LvL UP is a smartphone-based holistic lifestyle coaching intervention aimed at improving health behaviours, mental well-being, and preventing noncommunicable diseases and common mental disorders. It features a ‘talk and tools’ approach, combining automated health literacy coaching via conversational agent with digital tools such as journaling, life hacks, and slow-paced breathing exercises. An ‘in-the-wild' mixed-methods study was conducted in Singapore to evaluate LvL UP’s feasibility and acceptability to inform a future definitive trial. The app was available on iOS and Android from March to August 2023 and was promoted through online and offline strategies. Data collection included in-app surveys, usage metrics, and interviews, summarised using descriptive statistics and template analysis. The app was downloaded 307 times. Data from 99 active users were analysed. Most users were female and aged 21–35 years with mild to moderate vulnerabilities in physical activity, diet, and depressive symptoms. Engagement was highest during the first eight days, with 9% remaining engaged for up to 50 days. Users rated technology acceptance highly, finding the app enjoyable, easy to use, and informative. Suggested improvements included streamlined onboarding, fixing bugs, shortening dialogues, and adding rewards. The findings support LvL UP’s feasibility and have informed enhancements for future trials.