Role of long non-coding RNA in plant flowering regulation(长链非编码RNA在植物开花调控中的作用)

Flowering marks a crucial transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth in plants. Flowering regulation is essential for both plant adaptation to environment and agricultural production. Multiple pathways govern plant flowering, including photoperiodic, vernalization and autonomous pathways, which are influenced by both endogenous and exogenous factors. Within these pathways, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) works in conjunction with related proteins to regulate key factors at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic levels. They achieve this by modifying histones, participating in alternative splicing, and producing or competitively binding to microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA), thereby either promoting or inhibiting flowering. This paper summarized the mechanisms and recent research progress regarding the role of identified lncRNA in photoperiodic, vernalization, and autonomous pathways, in order to reveal the role of lncRNA in plant flowering regulation and provide a reference for subsequent studies. . 开花是植物从营养生长向生殖生长的关键转变，开花调控对于植物适应环境和农业生产都有重要意义。植物的开花由植物内源和外源的多重因素通过光周期途径、春化途径、自主途径等进行调控。在这些途径中，多种长链非编码RNA（long non-coding RNA, lncRNA）协同有关蛋白，从转录水平、转录后水平及表观遗传水平，通过组蛋白修饰、参与可变剪接、生成或竞争性结合微RNA（microRNA, miRNA）和干扰小RNA（small interfering RNA, siRNA）等方式，调控开花途径关键因子，从而促进或抑制成花。本文综述了已发现的lncRNA参与光周期途径、春化途径、自主途径的机制和研究进展，以期揭示lncRNA在植物开花调控中的作用，为后续的研究提供参考。