The Importance of geographical analysis in highlighting the outcomes of the problematic of urban dynamics in Guelmim

Social sciences, including geography, are important disciplines in analyzing socio-territorial. Phenomena and the various fieldwork problems. They have a pattern of rules and systematic measures to investigate and acquire knowledge. That is why we opted for social sciences as tools of diagnosis and analysis to study the problematic of urban dynamics in the city of Guelmim, which is subject to an accumulation of irregular factors. This of course has had socio-territorial consequences. As researchers, we aim at 1) adopting the methods of objective investigation and analysis of the studies phenomenon; 2) and highlighting the importance of geographical science in diagnosing spatial phenomena such as the urban dynamics of the city of Guelmim. In the course of analysis of this study, we used an approach based on integration between SIG, SPSS, and Photoshop for image processing. As was the use of photojournalism and aerial photographs taken in 1978, 1994, 2009 and 2015 with a mensuration of 50000/1. Not to mention, a topographic map for 2004, on the same measurement. One of the most important results of the two studies was that the methods and techniques of geographical science demonstrated that that the city was characterized by a fragile and unplanned natural dynamics on various levels, irrationally and illegitimately, following “logic” of uncontrolled reconstruction, which is dominated by various mechanisms. This has led to the inadequate interference of various actors that didn’t take into account local specificities, participatory approach and the foundations of governance and sustainability.