Collaborative optimization of photovoltaic and energy storage devices in urban and rural distribution networks based on the target cascade analysis method

As the penetration of distributed photovoltaics （DPV） increases year by year， the orderly expansion of PV units and the optimal allocation of supporting energy storage devices have become urgent. Existing research has failed to account for the differences in the distribution of PV and energy storage resources， as well as load demands， in urban and rural distribution networks. In this context， a distributed collaborative planning model for PV and energy storage devices in urban and rural distribution networks is proposed， based on the target cascade analysis method. First， the differences in the distribution of PV and energy storage resources and load demands in urban and rural distribution networks are considered， and a collaborative planning model for PV and energy storage devices is established for rural distribution networks and their adjacent urban distribution networks. Second， the decomposition modeling is applied to decouple the collaborative planning model， and the target cascade analysis method is used for distributed parallel iterative solving. Finally， the proposed model and the method are validated using a typical example system consisting of six distribution networks. The results show that the proposed model can be employed for coordinated planning of PV and energy storage devices across urban and rural distribution networks， achieving a more economically beneficial optimal configuration scheme that has less impact on the higher-level grid.