Analysis of Natural Resource Governance in Iran Based on the NRGF Framework

This study assesses natural resource governance in Iran based on the IUCN standard. Iran, characterized by an arid and semi-arid climate, grapples with challenges such as unsustainable resource exploitation, environmental degradation, and social inequalities. This descriptive-survey research targeted natural resource experts from academic, research, governmental, and consulting sectors. Using snowball sampling, 89 electronic questionnaires, designed based on the Natural Resource Governance Framework (NRGF), were completed. The questionnaire’s validity was confirmed through content validity, and its reliability was verified using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Data were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method and Smart-PLS software. Findings indicate that the governance dimensions and items are reliable and valid, with items like “G12,” “G16,” and “G18” being particularly significant. The results suggest that Iran’s natural resource governance, emphasizing alignment with national development plans, addressing environmental threats, continuous monitoring, sustainability principles, a robust legal framework, and stakeholder engagement, is on a positive trajectory. However, challenges such as limited resources, misalignment with local needs, and corruption require attention. To enhance governance, it is recommended to strengthen participatory frameworks, revise relevant laws, develop training programs to empower local communities, and implement adaptive governance models to ensure sustainable management of natural resources.