From Cultural Diplomacy to Cultural Transnationalism: The Contribution of Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums to the Evolving Narratives of Culture and Histories

Galleries, libraries, archives, and museums (GLAM) are key institutions in shaping and articulating collective narratives of identity, culture, history, and society. A retrospective view of GLAM’s global history reveals a wide range of dynamics, approaches, and ideas about their role in producing and communicating these narratives. Historically, GLAM institutions have been shaped by dominant powers and often served as vehicles for reinforcing prevailing cultural and societal narratives. However, they also act as platforms for alternative practices, fostering efforts to rebalance public discourse on culture, identity, and history. This knowledge synthesis aimed to highlight the critical importance of GLAM institutions in fostering intercultural relationships. While significant literature addresses their involvement in cultural diplomacy—particularly their role in facilitating state-level diplomatic relationships through cultural exchange—this project sought to focus on five key objectives.