Transforming Agroindustry in Indonesia: Emerging Digital Technologies for Reducing Food Loss(Chinese and English versions)

Indonesia’s agroindustry is an economic pillar but is hampered by high food loss and waste (FLW) caused by inefficient logistics, inadequate cold chain infrastructure, and fragmented supply chains. FLW leads to economic losses of 4%~5% of Indonesian GDP, further leading to food insecurity and environmental degradation. This paper proposes a Smart Agroindustry Framework that integrates the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockchain, and Cloud Computing to optimize food supply chain performance and reduce FLW. Compared to conventional methods, this approach offers real-time monitoring, forecast-based analysis, and traceability to support stakeholder decisions and counter inefficiencies in the supply chain. The three-stage recommended road map comprises: (1) short-term: pilot implementations targeting high-risk perishable commodities, (2) medium-term: expansion into inter-island and multi-modal logistics, and (3) long-term: Nationwide implementation of a Food Logistics 4.0 ecosystem. Through these digital technology approaches, Indonesia has the potential to transition towards a proactive, data-enabled agroindustry that minimises losses and environmental footprints. Beyond Indonesia, this model is adaptable for other developing nations facing similar food security challenges, reinforcing the global movement towards more efficient and sustainable food systems.