A Long-term Study on the Long-term Impact of Demographic Factors on the Burden of Ischemic Heart Disease in China from 1990 to 2019

Background The disease burden of ischemic heart disease is becoming heavier, and the influence of metabolic factors is gradually increasing, and there is still insufficient research in exploring the disease burden caused by metabolic factors and its change trend. Objective To analyzes the long-term impact and trend of the disease burden of ischemic heart disease caused by metabolic factors in China from 1990 to 2019, so as to provide solid and powerful scientific support and basis for the prevention and control of ischemic heart disease. Methods Based on the data of the Global Burden of Disease Study in 2019, the mortality rate, disability adjusted life year (DALY) and corresponding normalized indicators attributed to metabolic factors in ischemic heart disease of different ages and sexes in China from 1990 to 2019 were obtained. The Joinpoint model was used to systematically evaluate the temporal trend of disease changes. Results The mortality rate and DALY rate of ischemic heart disease attributed to metabolic factors in the whole population of China increased from 38.01/100 000 and 944.68/100 000 in 1990 to 103.34/100 000 and 1 972.50/100 000 in 2019, respectively. Compared with 1990, in 2019, the mortality rate of ischemic heart disease, DALY rate and corresponding standardized indicators attributed to metabolic factors were significantly higher in males than in females, and higher in the older age group than in the lower age group. In terms of gender, during the period of 1990—2019, the standardized mortality rate of men with IHD attributed to metabolic factors in China was gradually higher than the global level, while the standardized mortality rate of the whole population and women was always lower than the global level. The standardized DALY rates of all three are significantly lower than the global level. In terms of age, the DALY rate attributed to high body mass index in 1990—2019 showed an upward trend and dominated the population, and renal insufficiency gradually became prominent in the elderly population. Conclusion Since 1990, the overall burden of ischemic heart disease in China has shown an upward trend. The burden of ischemic heart disease caused by metabolic factors is increasing, and it is necessary to continue to increase the publicity of ischemic heart disease prevention and control, especially for key groups such as men and the elderly, carry out targeted health management, better guide the formulation of health policies, improve the utilization efficiency of health resources, and optimize the layout and structure of medical services, so as to better meet the public health needs, reduce the burden of ischemic heart disease in China to a greater extent, and help achieve the goal of healthy China.