Effect of serum uric acid levels on cardiovascular diseases in patients with psoriasis

Objective To explore the prevalence of hyperuricemia and hypouricemia in patients with psoriasis and explore their potential impact on the occurrence of cardiovascular disease（CVD）. Methods Patients with psoriasis who were hospitalized in the Department of Dermatology at the First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture from January 2022 to September 2023 were enrolled. Clinical data and laboratory test results were collected. The occurrence of hypouricemia，hyperuricemia，and cardiovascular disease（CVD）among these patients was analyzed. Clinical characteristics were compared between patients with and without CVD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the associations between serum uric acid levels and the risk of CVD. Results A total of 206 psoriasis patients were included in the study. The mean age was（52.0&#x00B1;13.7）years and 130 patients（63.1%）were male. 33 patients（16.0%）had comorbid cardiovascular disease（CVD）. The prevalence of hyperuricemia and hypouricemia was 26.2% and 10.2%，respectively. Compared with patients with normal uric acid levels，those with hyperuricemia had a higher prevalence of CVD（27.8% <i>vs.</i> 9.2%，<i>P = </i>0.011），and similarly，patients with hypouricemia also had an increased prevalence of CVD（28.6% <i>vs.</i> 9.2%，<i>P = </i>0.001），even without higher traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Compared with psoriasis patients without CVD，those with CVD showed higher proportions of hyperuricemia（45.5% <i>vs.</i> 22.5%），hypouricemia（18.2% <i>vs.</i> 8.8%），hypertension（63.3% <i>vs.</i> 13.3%），diabetes（30.3% <i>vs.</i> 8.1%），total cholesterol ≥ 5.2 mmol/L（39.4% <i>vs.</i> 20.8%），and hsCRP&gt; 5 mg/L（57.6% <i>vs.</i> 27.7%）（all <i>P &lt; </i>0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that，compared with patients with normal uric acid levels，both hyperuricemia（OR=1.668，95%CI 1.022-2.722，<i>P = </i>0.041）and hypouricemia（OR=4.520，95%CI 1.210-16.877，<i>P = </i>0.025）were independent risk factors for CVD in patients with psoriasis. Conclusions Both hyperuricemia and hypouricemia may be potential risk factors of CVD in patients with psoriasis.