The analysis of disease burden of benign prostatic hyperplasia in China from 1990 to 2021

Objective To analysis disease burden and its change trend of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in China from 1990 to 2021. Methods Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) database were obtained to analysis the incidence, prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of BPH in China from 1990 to 2021. Assessing temporal trends in the burden of disease by calculating estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) in age standardised rates and comparative analysis of trends in the burden of BPH in China over time by social demographic index (SDI) were conducted. Results In 2021, the incident cases of BPH in China were 3.244 million, with age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of 229.14 per 100,000. The prevalent cases were 2.311 million, with age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) of 2,315.23 per 100,000. The number of DALYs were 460,200 person year, with age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) of 45.84 per 100,000. The incidence, prevalence and DALYs rates of BPH in China in 2021 initially increased with age and then decreased, peaking in the 75-79 and 80-84 age groups, respectively. The ASIR [EAPC=-0.21, 95%CI(-0.36, -0.06)], ASPR [EAPC=-0.24, 95%CI(-0.41, -0.07)], and ASDR [EAPC=-0.25, 95%CI(-0.43, -0.09)] of BPH in China maintained a decreasing trend from 1990 to 2021, whereas the number of incident cases (122.16%), prevalent cases (132.50%), and DALYs (130.15%) showed an increasing trend. The ASIR, ASPR, and ASDR of BPH in China over the period 1990—2021 were much higher than those in high SDI countries. Conclusion The burden of BPH is high in China. Efforts should be made to enhance prostate health education for middle-aged and older men and to explore a BPH prevention and control system suitable for China's conditions. By promoting early detection and intervention, the progression of the disease can be delayed, reducing the overall disease burden.