Suicide risk in adolescents with depressive disorders： the impact of sleep quality and related factors

BackgroundThe issue of depression among adolescents is becoming increasingly serious， seriously endangering their healthy development. The issue of sleep disturbances in adolescents with depressive disorder is gradually receiving attention， but there is currently a lack of research on the relationship between sleep quality and suicide risk in this patient population.ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between suicide risk and sleep quality in adolescents with depressive disorders， and analyze the influencing factors of suicide risk， so as to provide references for clinical intervention.MethodsA total of 101 adolescents patients who met the diagnostic criteria for depressive disorder in the International Classification of Diseases， 10th edition （ICD-10） and were hospitalized at Hefei Fourth People's Hospital from June 2020 to February 2023 were selected. The patients were evaluated using the Nurses' Global Assessment of Suicide Risk （NGASR） and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）. According to the NGASR score， patients were divided into severe suicide risk group （n=35） and non-severe suicide risk group （n=66）. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between sleep quality and suicide risk in adolescents with depression. Multiple Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of severe suicide risk in adolescent patients with depression.ResultsStatistically significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of academic pressure， peer relationship and family relationship （t=3.942， 4.378， 6.748， P<0.05）. Moreover， there was a statistically significant difference in PSQI score between two groups （t=7.398， P<0.05）. There was also a statistically significant difference in sleep quality between the two groups （χ2=4.986， P<0.05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between total PSQI score and NGASR score （r=0.698， P<0.05）. Severe depression （OR=1.628， 95% CI： 1.079~2.457）， high academic pressure （OR=1.118， 95% CI： 1.018~1.228） and poor sleep quality （OR=1.158， 95% CI： 1.033~1.297） were identified as risk factors of severe suicide risk， while good relationships with classmates （OR=0.908， 95% CI： 0.826~0.998） and family （OR=0.904， 95% CI： 0.823~0.993） were protective factors.ConclusionSleep quality in adolescents with depression is negatively correlated with suicide risk and poor sleep quality may be a risk factor for severe suicide risk.