Intestinal Microbiomics\nand Liver Metabolomics Insights\ninto the Ameliorative Effects of Selenium-Enriched Lactobacillus fermentum FZU3103 on Alcohol-Induced\nLiver Injury in Mice

In this study, we investigated the\nameliorative effects\nof selenium-enriched Lactobacillus fermentum FZU3103 (Lf@Se) and its pathway\non alcoholic liver injury (ALI) in mice. The results showed that Lf@Se\nwas superior to Lf and inorganic selenium in alleviating ALI. Oral\nLf@Se effectively prevented lipid metabolism disorders, improved liver\nfunction, promoted alcohol metabolism, and alleviated liver oxidative\ndamage in mice. 16S amplicons sequencing indicated that Lf@Se intervention\nmodulated intestinal flora homeostasis by increasing (decreasing)\nthe abundance of beneficial bacteria (harmful bacteria), which is\nassociated with the improvement of liver function. Besides, Lf@Se\nintervention altered the liver metabolic profile, and the characteristic\nbiomarkers were mainly involved in tyrosine metabolism, retinol metabolism,\ngalactose metabolism, and primary bile acid biosynthesis. Additionally,\nLf@Se intervention regulated liver gene expression for lipid metabolism\nand oxidative stress. Western blot analysis revealed increased expression\nlevels of intestinal tight junction proteins after Lf@Se intervention,\nthereby ameliorating alcohol-induced intestinal barrier damage.