Indoor Emission,\nOxidation, and New Particle Formation\nof Personal Care Product Related Volatile Organic Compounds

Personal care products (PCPs) contain diverse volatile\norganic\ncompounds (VOCs) and routine use of PCPs indoors has important implications\nfor indoor air quality and human chemical exposures. This chamber\nstudy deployed aerosol instrumentation and two online mass spectrometers\nto quantify VOC emissions from the indoor use of five fragranced PCPs\nand examined the formation of gas-phase oxidation products and particles\nupon ozone-initiated oxidation of reactive VOCs. The tested PCPs include\na perfume, a roll-on deodorant, a body spray, a hair spray, and a\nhand lotion. Indoor use of these PCPs emitted over 200 VOCs and resulted\nin indoor VOC mixing ratios of several parts per million. The VOC\nemission factors for the PCPs varied from 2 to 964 mg g<sup>–1</sup>. We identified strong emissions of terpenes and their derivatives,\nwhich are likely used as fragrant additives in the PCPs. When using\nthe PCPs in the presence of indoor ozone, these reactive VOCs underwent\noxidation reactions to form a variety of gas-phase oxidized vapors\nand led to rapid new particle formation (NPF) events with particle\ngrowth rates up to ten times higher than outdoor atmospheric NPF events.\nThe resulting ultrafine particle concentrations reach ∼34000\nto ∼200000 cm<sup>–3</sup> during the NPF events.