Utilization of coffee grounds waste as organic fertilizer to improve soil quality and plant productivity

Organic waste is a global challenge that affects environmental quality, especially in the agricultural sector. Coffee grounds, as one of the organic wastes produced in large quantities, have the potential to be used as organic fertilizer to improve soil quality and plant productivity. This research aims to analyze the nutritional content of coffee grounds-based organic fertilizer, its effect on soil quality, and its impact on plant productivity. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods by collecting data through observation, interviews and laboratory analysis. The process of making fertilizer involves fermenting coffee grounds using additional organic materials for 14–21 days. The research results showed that coffee grounds-based organic fertilizer contain nitrogen (2.10%), phosphorus (0.45%), and potassium (0.68%), as well as high organic matter of 35.8%. Applying this fertilizer increases soil pH from 5.2 to 6.8 and soil organic matter content from 12.5% ​​to 27.6%. In addition, the productivity of spinach plants increased significantly, with an increase in plant height, number of leaves, and crop weight of up to 95.8% compared to the control. The conclusion of this research is that organic fertilizer based on coffee grounds can significantly improve soil quality and crop yields, making it an environmentally friendly alternative to replacing chemical fertilizers.