Green Human Resource Management and Social Capital: The Key Role of Policy Implementation in Organizational Sustainability

Organizational sustainability, as one of the key goals of modern management, requires approaches that simultaneously enhance the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of an organization. This study examines the impact of green human resource management (GHRM) on organizational sustainability, considering the mediating role of social capital. This quantitative, descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 200 managers and employees of industrial and service companies that have implemented GHRM policies. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire, and its validity and reliability were confirmed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and SmartPLS software, employing statistical methods such as correlation analysis, multiple regression, and structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical analyses showed that GHRM has a significant positive impact on organizational sustainability. Social capital also positively influenced organizational sustainability and played a meaningful mediating role in the relationship between GHRM and organizational sustainability. The model fit indices indicated a good model fit (Chi-Square/df = 2.15, RMSEA = 0.045, CFI = 0.93). The findings suggest that GHRM policies directly and indirectly (through social capital) contribute to improving organizational sustainability indicators. Social capital acts as a facilitating factor that enhances the impact of GHRM on organizational sustainability. These results highlight the importance of formulating and implementing green HRM policies and fostering social interactions within organizations to promote sustainability.