'Gummy Smile' - A Challenging Clinical Situation. – A Review.

ABSTRACT Background: A "gummy smile," or excessive gingival display (EGD), is when more than 3 mm of gingiva show when you smile. People frequently think of it as a cosmetic problem, although it could be caused by problems with the teeth, bones, or muscles. To get the best aesthetic and functional results, treating a gummy grin needs a broad, interdisciplinary approach. Objective: To look at the current ideas, prosthodontic methods, and recent progress in diagnosing and treating gummy smile, including interdisciplinary methods backed up by clinical evidence. Methods: Various treatment modalities were analysed by searching the literature, centre of attention focusing on prosthodontic, periodontal, orthodontic, surgical, and digital methods. The main things looked at were changed passive eruption, vertical maxillary excess, dentoalveolar extrusion, and a hyperactive upper lip. Digital smile design (DSD), laser-assisted gingivectomy, guided crown lengthening, botulinum toxin therapy, and orthognathic planning by CBCT and 3D simulation are some of the new technologies that the review talks about. Results: The type and severity of EGD affect the treatment choices available. For mild cases, minimally invasive methods like laser gingivectomy and botulinum toxin injections are very well accepted by patients. Le Fort I impaction surgery is still the best way to fix skeletal problems; however surgical crown lengthening and lip realignment are good short-term fixes. Digital workflows make diagnosis much more accurate, communication better, and esthetics more predictable. Conclusion: To successfully treat a gummy grin, you need to make an accurate diagnosis and create a personalized treatment strategy that includes professionals from several fields. Prosthodontists are very important for coordinating care through digital planning, managing soft tissue, and esthetic rehabilitation. Combining cutting-edge technologies with less invasive methods has made both aesthetic results and patient satisfaction better. KEY WORDS: Gummy Smile; Esthetics; Lip Dynamics; Excessive Gingival Display (EGD)