A Study to Explore the Stigma Among the Patients with Tuberculosis in Selected TB Treatment Center in Thiruvallur

Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most stigmatized diseases worldwide, with significant social, emotional, and psychological consequences for those affected. This study aimed to identify the various forms of stigma experienced by TB patients and assess the association of stigma levels with demographic variables. Data were collected from 139 TB patients at ACS Medical College and Hospital using the TB Stigma Assessment Tool. The study explored multiple dimensions of stigma, including internalized stigma, perceived stigma, enacted stigma, structural stigma, supportive experiences, and community engagement. The findings indicated that emotional distress, social isolation, and fear of disclosure were prevalent among the patients, with many reporting significant feelings of guilt and self-blame. Statistical analysis showed significant associations between stigma levels and age, gender, marital status, educational qualification, and type of TB. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that completed TB treatment and type of TB were significant predictors of stigma, with those completing treatment and those diagnosed with more severe forms of TB experiencing higher levels of stigma. Based on these findings, the study recommends regular psychological counseling, promoting disclosure safety, conducting workplace and family awareness sessions, extending structural support to vulnerable patients, and celebrating supportive practices to reduce TB stigma. The results underscore the need for a multifaceted approach to address the psychological, social, and institutional aspects of TB stigma, ultimately improving patient outcomes.