Changes In Hematological Parameters And Liver Enzymes In Laproscoic Cholecystectomy Patients In A Tertiary Care Center.

Abstract Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a widely used minimally invasive procedure for treating symptomatic cholelithiasis. Although considered safe, LC may lead to transient changes in hematological and liver function parameters due to pneumoperitoneum and surgical stress. Objectives: To compare and evaluate the changes in the preoperative and postoperative levels of hematological parameters and liver enzymes in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a tertiary care center. Materials and Method: A prospective observational study was conducted on 100 patients undergoing LC at a tertiary care center. Hematological parameters and liver enzymes were measured preoperatively, 24 hours postoperatively, and on postoperative day 7. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. Histopathological examination of gallbladder specimens was also performed. Results: ALT and MPV levels significantly increased at 24 hours postoperatively (p < 0.0001), followed by a decline toward baseline by day 7. Hb, HCT, and platelet counts showed a significant decrease at 24 hours (p < 0.0001), with recovery by day 7. ALP levels remained relatively stable throughout the postoperative period. Histopathological analysis revealed chronic cholecystitis in most specimens, including features like mucosal thickening and Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses. Conclusion: LC induces transient, reversible changes in hematological and liver enzyme parameters which are self-limiting and clinically insignificant in patients with normal baseline liver function. Awareness of these expected alterations can help prevent misinterpretation of routine postoperative lab results.