EMERGING TRENDS IN NANOSPONGES: FROM DRUG CARRIERS TO BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

ABSTRACT"Advances in nanotechnology have led to the creation of personalized drug delivery systems”. Nano-technology baseddrug delivery systems are becoming increasingly relevant today due to their ability to solve various unknownchallenges. As a newly developed colloidal system, nanosponges are versatile carriers that can accommodate bothwater- soluble and fat- soluble drugs, that could potentially mitigate problems like toxicity, inefficient drug uptake,and broad uncontrolled release. Nanosponges are tiny, three-dimensional frameworks with porous cavities, createdby linking cyclodextrins with different crosslinking agents. Due to its remarkable structural integrity, non-toxicity &compatibility with biological systems, cyclodextrin has become a foundation for the swift advancement of multipledrug delivery approaches. Because of their porous structures and versatile chemical properties, nanosponges havedemonstrated considerable promise in addressing important problems in medicinal administration. Nanospongeshave been applied in cancer treatment to enhance therapeutic safety and efficacy by increasing drug specificity andminimizing off-target effects. Another important feature that makes them useful for medications with limitedsolubility is their aqueous solubility. The nanosponge drug delivery system can be used in treating hypertension,cancer, autoimmune disorders. Additionally, nanosponges serve as carriers for various biological substances,including enzymes, proteins, vaccines, and antibodies. This article goes into detail on the advantages, types, features,components, mechanism of drug release, methods of preparation, methods of characterization and applications innanosponges.