Metabolic Syndrome Shapes Coronary Disease Severity Differently in Men and Women: Insights from an Angiographic Study in Bangladesh

<p><strong><span>Abstract</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background: </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">Coronary<span> artery disease (CAD) is a significant cause of mortality globally.<span>  </span>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a significant risk factor that exacerbates the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). In Bangladesh, where metabolic syndrome is proliferating, comprehending these sex-based disparities is essential for enhanced prevention and therapy.</span></span></p> <p><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> This cross-sectional study included 100 patients where 50 males and 50 females, who </span><span lang="EN-US">experienced<span> coronary angiography at Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital from 2012 to 2013.<span>  </span>MetS was diagnosed using ATP III criteria.<span>  </span>Vessel and Friesinger score obtained from angiographic results helped to evaluate the degree of CAD.<span>  </span>We also gathered demographic, clinical, and biochemical data.<span>  </span>T-tests and logistic regression, among other statistical methods, were used to investigate the relation between MetS and its components and the type of CAD in both men and women.<span>  </span></span></span></p> <p><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> Men with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) had significantly <a name="_Hlk199410372"></a>increased Vessel Scores (2.30 ± 0.79 vs. 0.10 ± 0.31; p < 0.001) and Friesinger Scores (9.10 ± 3.10 vs. 2.00 ± 3.97; p < 0.001) compared to men without MetS, Signifying more presented <a name="_Hlk199410677"></a>coronary artery disease (CAD).<span>  </span>Women with MetS had raised Vessel Scores (1.44 ± 1.19 vs. 0.61 ± 0.94; p = 0.008), although their Friesinger Scores did not demonstrate a significant difference (6.85 ± 5.01 vs. 5.15 ± 4.63; p = 0.300).<span>  </span>In men, increased triglyceride levels were the most significant predictor of severe coronary artery disease (CAD) (OR 21.91, p = 0.002), whereas in women, a higher body mass index (BMI) was the primary risk factor (OR 3.83, p = 0.043).<span>  </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Metabolic syndrome and coronary artery disease severity ratings predicted acute coronary syndrome better in men than women.</span></p> <p><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusion: </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">In conclusion, Men with metabolic syndrome are more likely to more severe coronary artery disease, primarily influenced by increased triglyceride levels. In women, increased BMI significantly influences the severity of CAD.<span>  </span>Our finding illustrates the necessity of gender-specific treatments for managing metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease, particularly in Bangladesh, where the risks of heart disease are increasing. </span></p>