IMPACT OF QUANTUM COMPUTING ON TRADITIONAL CRYPTOGRAPHY: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE LIMITATIONS AND ADVANTAGES OF QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY

The development in the field of quantum computing presents many opportunities as well as challenges in the field of cyber security and cryptography. The emergence of quantum computing will result in the development of systems capable of running advanced algorithms such as Shor’s algorithm, which completely undermines the security of traditional cryptography (RSA and ECC). This study delves into the advantages as well as limitations of possible solutions such as post-quantum cryptography (PQC) and quantum key distribution (QKD) in providing robust security in the era of quantum computing and provides background on ‘qubits’, superposition, and entanglement, which are aspects responsible for making quantum computing powerful. The study also provides suggestions regarding the future development of quantum computing, quantum cryptography, and quantum technologies to support a natural and seamless transition to quantum cryptography as humanity progresses toward a quantum society. The research also highlights the current limitations and constraints of quantum cryptography that are necessary to overcome in the future.