RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASTIC PROCESSES IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE

In the modern world, hyperplastic processes of the endometrium (HPE) are a pressing problem for women of reproductive age. Hyperplastic processes of the endometrium constitute a large and diverse group, in most cases associated with hormonal disorders, in the form of a compensatory reaction or increased functional requirements, in which the structural elements of tissues cannot satisfy these functions [1]. Despite the indisputable high importance of knowledge of the pathogenetic variability of the development of HPE and the choice of tactics for managing patients, it is no less necessary to clarify the morphological structure of HPE, the pathohistological nature of the surrounding endometrium, and the concomitant pathology of the endo- and myometrium, which indicates the similarity of the pathogenetic development of mechanisms leading to hyperplastic processes in tissues [2]. From the point of view of pathogenesis, HPE is the result of long-term exposure to excess estrogen levels, which, indifference from progesterone level, stimulates the growth of endometrial cells. The prevalence of HPE may vary depending on the age of women and the form of the disease and is, according to [3], from 10-30%. HPE is detected to a greater extent in women aged 45-55 years; in this age group, HPE has a tendency to recur and malignancy. Relapses of HPE serve as an indication for repeated diagnostic curettage or surgical interventions with removal of the uterus. In this regard, the search for and assessment of risk factors for the development of endometrial hyperplasia in women of reproductive age remains relevant and in demand.