NE³-Dynamics: A Neutrosophic Dynamical Model for Measuring Performance in College Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education

This study introduces NE³-Dynamics, a novel neutrosophic dynamical framework for assessing the effectiveness of innovation and entrepreneurship education in higher education institutions. The model represents each targeted learning competency, such as design thinking, market validation, and prototyping, using a three component neutrosophic state vector (T, I, F) that captures degrees of truth, indeterminacy, and falsity. Educational interventions, e.g., courses, hackathons, incubator programs, are formalized as neutrosophic functions, whose compositions can increase the indeterminacy component, reflecting compounded uncertainty in sequential learning processes. Key entrepreneurial milestones are evaluated through neutrosophic probability, enabling explicit representation of structural ambiguity in performance measurement. The temporal evolution of competencies is described by neutrosophic differential equations, integrating the cumulative effect of interventions over time into a composite NE³ Index of program effectiveness. By treating indeterminacy as a measurable and intrinsic dimension rather than as random error, the proposed approach overcomes significant limitations of traditional assessment methods. Numerical examples and simulations demonstrate its applicability, interpretability, and potential for improving decision-making in curriculum design and program evaluation for innovation and entrepreneurship education.