Autonomous Energy Management Across Standalone DC Microgrids

Electricity plays a critical role in the current automated landscape, and its limited availability will pose significant challenges for developing nations. The reliance on fossil fuels is not viable, prompting a significant shift towards the utilization of renewable energy sources. DC Microgrids (DCMGs) facilitate the management of renewable energy sources; however, they encounter challenges related to efficiency. Renewable-integrated DCMGs are being utilized more frequently in remote locations; however, their reliability is contingent upon battery capacity, which is influenced by the variable characteristics of renewable energy sources. Overcharging and discharging present security vulnerabilities, and enhancing storage capacity incurs significant expenses. Linking adjacent microgrids improves the capabilities for virtual storage and discharge in both surplus and deficit situations. An effective power regulation within and between microgrids necessitates a robust control strategy. This project outlines a method for interconnection that utilizes bus voltages rather than communication lines, thereby enhancing simplicity and reliability. The validation of interconnected autonomous DC microgrids is achieved via MATLAB simulations, showcasing enhanced coordination and energy management across the grids. The duty ratio "D" is between 0 and 1 the output voltage must always be higher than the input voltage in magnitude. The negative sign indicates a reversal of sense of the output voltage.