MODERN APPROACHES TO MORPHOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS: INTEGRATION OF IHC AND GENETIC TESTING

This study explores the integration of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and genetic testing in the morphological diagnosis of pediatric brain tumors. Tissue samples from 102 pediatric patients aged 1–17 years were analyzed using both traditional histopathology and advanced molecular tools. Markers such as Ki-67, GFAP, OLIG2, and Synaptophysin were evaluated alongside IDH1 and BRAF V600E mutations. The combined approach significantly improved tumor classification accuracy and provided prognostic insights. The study demonstrates that incorporating IHC and genetic profiling into standard diagnostic algorithms enhances the precision of pediatric neuro-oncology diagnostics and supports the development of individualized treatment strategies.