PROBLEMS AND METHODS OF DRAINAGE OF EXCESSIVELY MOISTENED, HEAVY SOILS: ASSESSMENT AND STATE OF THE PROBLEM IN RUSSIA

The article considers common methods of drainage of excessively moistened, heavy soils oriented on creation of developed soil structure. This layer is formed by deep mechanical treatment for decompaction, fixation of clay particles by means of chemical reagents and activation of biological structure formation by moving organic matter from the root system into the depth. At the same time, a complex improvement of soil fertility is carried out by applying higher doses of organic and mineral fertilizers. This leads to improvement of soil structure, increase of its water permeability and redirection of surface runoff into the depth. As a result, the closed drainage system with increased spacing functions similarly to the conventional one.