Parapediasia galapagensis Landry & Léger, 2024, sp. nov.

Parapediasia galapagensis sp. nov. Figs 29-36, 50, 60 Material examined: Holotype: ♂, ‘ ECU[ADOR]., GALAPAGOS | Santiago, Central [camp] | 700 m elev[ation]., 10.iv.1992 | M[ercury]V[apour]L[ight], leg [it]. B. Landry’; ‘HOLOTYPE | Parapediasia | galapagensis | Landry & Léger’; ‘ MHNG | ENTO | 00085740 ’. Deposited in MHNG. Paratypes: 39 ♂, 235 ♀, 2 of sex undetermined from the Galápagos Islands. – Fernandina: 1 ♀, North side, 300 m, S 00°20.541’, W 091°36.815’, 12.i.2002, U[ltra] V[iolet]L[ight] (L. Roque, C. Causton); 1 ♀, North side, 1300 m, S 00°21.862’, 091°34.308’, 15.i.2002, UVL (L. Roque, C. Causton); 1 ♂, SW side, GPS: 352 m elev[ation]., S 00°20.503’, W 091°36.969’, 10.ii.2005, uvl (B. Landry, P. Schmitz); 2 ♀, SW side, GPS: 815 m elev., S 00°21.270’, W 091°35.341’, 11.ii.2005, day time (B. Landry, P. Schmitz); 3 ♀ (one dissected, MHNG-ENTO-85726), same data except ‘uvl’; 1 ♂ (dissected, MHNG-ENTO-85727), 2 ♀ (one dissected, MHNG-ENTO-85728), SW side, crater rim, GPS: 1341 m elev., S 00°21.910’, W 091°34.034’, 12.ii.2005, uvl (B. Landry, P. Schmitz); 2 ♀, same data except 13.ii.2005; 3 ♀, SW side, GPS: 815 m elev., S 00°21.270’, W 091°35.341’, 14.ii.2005, day time (B. Landry, P. Schmitz). – Floreana: 2 ♀ (one MHNG-ENTO-85725), Scalesias near Cerro Pajas, GPS: 329 m elev., S 01°17.743’, W 90°27.111’, 12.iv.2004, uvl (P. Schmitz). – Isabela (Alcedo volcano): 3 ♀ (one MHNG-ENTO-85746; one dissected MHNG-ENTO-85732), NE slope, about 400 m S Los Guayabillos camp, GPS: 892 m elev., S 00°25.208’, W 091°04.765’, 1.iv.2004, uvl (B. Landry, P. Schmitz); 1 ♀, cumbre [summit], caseta [cabin], 1200 m elev., 9.iv.1999, UVL-F[luorescent]L[ight] (L. Roque); 1 ♀, lado [side] NE, 200 m [elev.], camp arida alta, 14.iv.2002, uvl (B. Landry, L. Roque); 2 ♀, lado NE, camp pega-pega, 400 m [elev.], 15.iv.2002, uvl (B. Landry, L. Roque); 5 ♀, lado NE, camp guayabillos, 700 m [elev.], 16.iv.2002, uvl (B. Landry, L. Roque); 3 ♀, lado NE, cumbre, caseta Cayot, 1100 m [elev.], 17.iv.2002, uvl (B. Landry, L. Roque); 1 ♀, 850 m elev., 12.x.1998, uvl (L. Roque); 2 ♀, 1100 m elev., 13.x.1998, uvl (L. Roque); 1 ♀, 900 m elev., 30.x.2000, UVL (L. Roque, coll. # 2000-021). – Isabela (Darwin volcano): 2 ♀, 1200 m [elev.], 15.ii.1999, UVL (L. Roque, coll. # 99.19); 5 ♀, 900 m elev., 6.iii.2000, UVL-W[hite]L[ight] trap (L. Roque, coll. #2000-010.); 1 ♀, Tagus Cove, 13.v.1992, MVL (B. Landry); 3 ♀ (one dissected, MHNG-ENTO-85729), 300 m elev., 15.v.1992, MVL (B. Landry); 1 ♂ (dissected, MHNG-ENTO-85730), 5 ♀, 630 m elev., 16.v.1992, MVL (B. Landry); 3 ♀, same data except 17.v.1992; 1 ♂, 4 ♀, 1000 m elev., 18.v.1992, MVL (B. Landry); 3 ♀, 1240 m elev., 19.v.1992, MVL (B. Landry); 1 ♀, 300 m elev., 20.v.1992, MVL (B. Landry). – Isabela (Sierra Negra volcano): 2 sex undetermined, Albermarle I[sland]., San[to] Tomas, 1200 f[ee]t., 22.viii.[19]06 (F. X. Williams); 1 ♀, same data except 23.viii.[19]06; 1 ♀, 1 km W Puerto Villamil, 3.iii.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 1 ♂ (dissected, slide BL 181), 5 ♀, 3 km W S[an]to Tómas, Agr[iculture]. zone, 8.iii.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 2 ♀, 11 km N Puerto Villamil, 9.iii.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 3 ♂, 9 ♀, pampa zone, 1000 m [elev.], 12.iii.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 2 ♂ (one dissected, MHNG-ENTO-85731), 2 ♀, ± 15 km N P[uer]to Villamil, 25.v.1992, MVL (B. Landry); 1 ♀, NE slope, SE volcan Chico, xi.1974 (T. J. de Vries, B.M. 1976-58); 2 ♀, Corazon Verde, 19-20. xii.1975 (T. J. de Vries, B.M. 1976-58). – Pinta: 6 ♂ (one MHNG-ENTO-85721), 1 ♀, 200 m elev., 16.iii.1992, M[ercury]V[apour]L[ight] (B. Landry); 2 ♂ (one MHNG-ENTO-85722), 7 ♀ (one MHNG-ENTO-85723; one MHNG-ENTO-85724), 400 m elev., 17.iii.1992, MVL (B. Landry); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, same data except 18.iii.1992; 2 ♂ (one MHNG-ENTO-85741), 2 ♀, 400-650 m elev., 18.iii.1992, day [swept with net] (B. Landry). – San Cristóbal: 8 ♀ (one dissected, slide BL 1186), 4 km SE P[uer]to Baquarizo [sic], 12.ii.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 3 ♀, 1 km S El Progreso, 14.ii.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 1 ♂, 4 ♀, pampa zone, 15.ii.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 2 ♂ (one dissected, MHNG-ENTO-87618), 12 ♀, pampa zone, 18.ii.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 1 ♀, 4 km SE P[uer]to Baquarizo [sic], 20.ii.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 3 ♀, base of Cerro Pelado, 22.ii.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 5 ♀ (two dissected: MHNG-ENTO-85733, 85734); 1 ♀, transition zone, SW El Progreso, GPS: 75 m elev., S 00°56.359’, W 089°32.906’, 15.iii.2004, uvl (B. Landry, P. Schmitz); 1 ♀, shore of El Junco, GPS: 655 m elev., S 00°53.714’, W 089°28.869’, 17.iii.2004, [swept with a] net, 17h00 (B. Landry, P. Schmitz). – Santa Cruz: 1 ♀, 4 km N Puerto Ayora, 20.i.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 11 ♂, 5 ♀, pampa zone, Media Luna, 21.i.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 1 ♂, 5 ♀, Los Gemelos, 31.i.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 1 ♀, pampa zone, Media Luna, 2.ii.1989, swept [with a net] (B. Landry); 3 ♀, Tortuga Res[erve]., W S[an]ta Rosa, 6.ii.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 1 ♂, 3 ♀, pampa zone, Media Luna, 8.ii.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 1 ♀, same data except 26.ii.1989; 4 ♀ (one dissected, slide BL 1184), 2 km W Bella Vista, 27.ii.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 2 ♀, transition zone, recently cut road, GPS: S 00°45.528’, W 090°18.849’, 12.iii.2004, uvl (B. Landry, P. Schmitz); 1 ♀ (dissected, MHNG-ENTO-85735), low agriculture zone, GPS: S 00°42.132’, W 090°19.156’, 13.iii.2004, uvl (B. Landry, P. Schmitz); 6 ♀, Finca S[teve]. Devine, 17.iii.1989, MVL (B. Landry); 1 ♀, Hornemann Farm, 220 m [elev.], 25.iii.1964 (D.Q. Cavagnaro); 3 ♀, agriculture zone, near (NNW) Bella Vista, GPS: 223 m elev., S 00°41.297, W 090°19.670’, 7.iv.2004, uvl (B. Landry); 2 ♀ (one MHNG-ENTO-85745), agriculture zone, finca C. Troya, N Bella Vista, GPS: 294 m elev., S 00°40.756’, W 090°18.671’, 9.iv.2004, uvl (B. Landry); 4 ♀, Los Gemelos, 4.v.2002, uvl (B. Landry, L. Roque); 6 ♀, Los Gemelos, 27.v.1992, MVL (B. Landry); 1 ♀, [no precise locality] v-vi.1970 (R. Perry, Tj. de Vries, Ref No. L-114, B.M. 1970-371); 2 ♀, Miconia pampa zone, Media Luna, 580 msn [elev.], S 00°39’28.7’’, W 090°19’37.8’’, 14.x.1996, fluorescent light trap (L. Roque). – Santiago: 3 ♀ (one MHNG-ENTO-85719), N side, GPS: 437 m elev., S 00°13.316’, W 090°43.808’, 3.iii.2005, uvl (P. Schmitz); 1 ♂ (MHNG-ENTO-85720), 3 ♀, N side, GPS: 527 m elev., S 00°13.690’, W 090° 44.135’, 5.iii.2005 (P. Schmitz); 1 ♂, NE side, close to caseta, GPS: 686 m elev., S 00°14.177’, W 090°44.619’, 6.iii.2005 (P. Schmitz); 2 ♀, Bahía Espumilla, 4.iv.1992, MVL (B. Landry); 3 ♀, 200 m elev., MVL (B. Landry); 3 ♀, Aguacate], 520 m elev., MVL (B. Landry); 1 ♀, Jaboncillo [camp], ± 850 m elev., MVL (B. Landry); 13 ♀, Central [camp], 700 m elev., MVL (B. Landry); 19 ♀, same data as holotype (three labelled MHNG-ENTO-85742 to 85744); 3 ♀, Aguacate, 520 m elev., 12.iv.1992, MVL (B. Landry). Deposited in CAS, CDRS, CNC, MHNG and NHMUK. Additional material examined (in poor condition): – San Cristóbal: 19 ♀, 1 sex undetermined, vic[inity]. “ El Junco ” (crater lake), Alt[itude]. ± 700 m, 15-16. iv.[19]70 (R. Silberglied). – Santa Cruz: 3 ♂, 15 ♀, vic. “Mirador” (W of Media Luna), Alt. ± 620 m, 26.v.[19]70 (R. Silberglied). Deposited in MCZ. Etymology: The new name refers to the region of origin, in recognition of the fact that this species is probably endemic to the Galápagos. Diagnosis: In the Galápagos Islands this species will be recognized among Crambinae by its mostly white hindwings contrasting with the generally darker forewings (Figs 29-36), except for Diatraea saccharalis (Fig. 6), but the latter is a larger species (18-39 mm wingspan) without a continuous subterminal line following the forewing outer margin as can be observed in P. galapagensis sp. nov. However, in the darkest specimens of P. galapagensis sp. nov., the subterminal line can be obscured to the point of obliteration (Fig. 36). Among other species of Parapediasia, P. galapagensis sp. nov. is most similar in male genitalia to P. atalanta Błeszyński, 1963, described from the State of Pará, Brazil, by virtue of the thin cucullus, costal projection of valva, uncus, gnathos, and shape of the apical projection of the phallus. However, in P. atalanta the forewing is grey with a white dorsum and a well-formed postmedian line similar in aspect to the subterminal line, and the veins are overlaid with straw yellow from the base to the subterminal line. Also, in P. atalanta the uncus apically doesn’t have a distinct hook, the gnathos is bulging distally, the cucullus and costal projection of the valva are subequal in length, and the phallus has a shorter coecum penis and a larger and ribbon shaped apical process. Description: Male (n=43) (Figs 34, 35). Head light buff dorsally, white with some light buff on fronto-clypeus; frons slightly rounded, not projecting. Antenna laminate, with flagellomeres slightly wider than long; flagellomeres uniformly buff; scape and pedicel buff, sometimes with white ventrally. Maxillary palpus mostly buff to light greyish brown with white at base, apical scales forming light buff to white fan. Labial palpus with first palpomere mostly white, second palpomere dorsally buff, laterally light greyish brown, ventrally edged white, third palpomere buff with light greyish brown laterally. Haustellum white to light buff. Thorax as illustrated. Forewing length: 5.3- 7.0 mm (holotype: 7.0 mm); wingspan: 10.5-15.0 mm (holotype: 15.0 mm). Wings with colours and pattern as illustrated (Figs 34, 35); pattern often poorly expressed. Prothoracic leg coxa laterally greyish brown, medially light buff; femur laterally dark greyish brown, medially and along ventral edge light buff; tibia greyish brown laterally, white to buff medially; tarsomeres I-IV greyish brown laterally, buff ventrally, tarsomere V buff. Mesothoracic leg coxa white; trochanter light buff; femur light buff with touch of light greyish brown at apex laterally; tibia light buff; tarsomeres buff. Metathoracic leg coxa as mesothoracic leg, with tibia slightly paler except on spines. Abdomen dorsally as illustrated, concolorous ventrally, with slightly darker buff