Therapeutic Potential of Gomutra (Cow Urine) in Cardiovascular Disorders: A Focus on Hypertension

Hypertension remains one of the most prevalent and deadly health conditions worldwide, significantly contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite numerous pharmacological options, many patients continue to experience suboptimal blood pressure control due to drug resistance, side effects, or poor adherence. This has led to growing interest in complementary therapies that may support conventional treatment. Gomutra (cow urine), a substance valued in Ayurvedic medicine, has long been used for a variety of health conditions, including cardiovascular ailments. Traditionally regarded as a natural detoxifier and rejuvenator, Gomutra is believed to possess therapeutic properties that may benefit hypertensive individuals. Scientific studies have identified a range of bioactive constituents in Gomutra, including potassium, volatile fatty acids, antioxidants, and enzymes, which may contribute to diuretic, vasodilatory, and antioxidant effects—all relevant to blood pressure regulation. Preliminary experimental evidence suggests Gomutra may modulate fluid balance, reduce oxidative stress, and potentially inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, offering a multifaceted approach to hypertension management. However, these findings are largely based on animal studies and in vitro models, with a lack of robust clinical trials to confirm efficacy and safety in humans. Challenges such as the lack of standardization, concerns about safety and hygiene, and cultural acceptance need to be addressed before Gomutra can be seriously considered in modern clinical settings. This review highlights Gomutra's potential as a natural adjunct in hypertension therapy and emphasizes the need for systematic scientific validation to bridge traditional knowledge with modern medicine