Exploring the Biochemical and Lipid Disruptions in UTI Patients: Links to Renal Impairment and Systemic Inflammation

AbstractUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are frequently linked to renal impairment and systemicinflammation. This study sought to examine the biochemical and lipid profile changes in UTIpatients relative to healthy controls. A total of 80 patients with urinary tract infections and 50healthy controls were included. Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), C-reactive protein(CRP), electrolyte concentrations, and lipid profiles were assessed. Patients with UTIdemonstrated increased serum creatinine (1.5 mg/dL) and BUN (28 mg/dL) values, signifyingcompromised renal function. CRP levels were markedly elevated (20 mg/L) in UTI patients,indicating a systemic inflammatory response. Furthermore, UTI patients had electrolyteabnormalities, notably mild hyponatraemia (135 mmol/L) and hyperkalaemia (5.0 mmol/L),indicating possible disturbances in renal function. The lipid profile study indicated raised levelsof total cholesterol (210 mg/dL), triglycerides (170 mg/dL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL, 136mg/dL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL, 34 mg/dL) in individuals with urinary tractinfections, accompanied by diminished levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL, 40 mg/dL). Thelipid modifications signify an elevated cardiovascular risk in people with urinary tract infections.The results emphasize the necessity for regular assessment of renal function, electrolyte levels,and lipid profiles in patients with urinary tract infections to avert long-term consequences,especially in individuals with recurring or severe cases.