Pselaphacus procerus Kuhnt 1910

Pselaphacus procerus Kuhnt, 1910 Figs 1–12 Pselaphacus procerus Kuhnt, 1910: 226; 1911: 40; Bruch, 1914: 382; Blackwelder, 1945: 464; Alvarenga, 1994: 7. Adult diagnosis. Pronotum marginate laterally by a narrow black band; anterior margin with irregular black band, projected at middle forming a triangular narrow band almost reaching mid-length; two rounded black patches on anterior third; posterior margin with irregular black band, projected at middle forming a wide short band with one shorter triangular projection on each side. Scutellar shield black. Elytron with black marks as follow: base marginated by a narrow black band; a band on scutellar region, reaching 5th stria, length about ⅕ of elytron length, with irregular posterior margin; an irregular band on middle, reaching 4th stria, length approximately the same as scutellar band; a longitudinal stripe between 5th and 6th striae, at the same level as middle band; a longitudinal stripe on the elytral suture, reaching the 1st stria between scutellar and middle bands and reaching the 2nd stria after middle band, slightly narrowing toward apex; an oblong stripe near apex, between 3th and 7th striae, slightly oblique, length approximately the same as previous marks; external margin entirely bordered, thicker on the first half. Epipleura black. Ventral coloration almost totally black, abdominal ventrites II-IV laterally brownish-orange, and V almost entirely brownish-orange. Adult redescription (Figs 2–5) Length: 10.5–13.4 mm (n = 11). Body broad, elongated, wide, parallel-sided. Glabrous and shiny, except the anterior edge of prosternum, ventrally with a row of yellow setae, and tibiae and tarsi with yellow setae. General coloration black, with pronotum and elytra brownish-orange with black marks; labrum, reddish-brown and apices of palpi and labium, brownish. Punctuation fine, weak, and dense; frons with punctuation fine and heterogeneous, thicker at base; gena ventrally with punctuation irregular and thicker; pronotum with punctuation heterogeneous, denser laterally on anterior third, and thicker near middle. Head (Fig. 2A–D) glabrous; frontoclypeal suture weak with lateral margins convergent posteriorly, interrupted at middle. Frons (Fig. 3A) narrow and marginate laterally on basal half; prominent behind antennal insertions and on eyes, forming canthus, and then gradually narrowed apically, anterior margin not carinate; clypeus anteriorly strongly emarginate at middle forming two well-developed rounded lobes; ocular striae and subocular pores present. Subgenal braces well developed with pores present. Antennae (Fig. 2A–C) not reaching base of pronotum, with 11 antennomeres: 1 st slightly elongate, wide, almost cylindrical; 2 nd short, globular; 3 rd longer, almost as long as 4 th and 5 th together, narrowed at base; 4 th –8 th slightly increasing in width and decreasing in length; three last forming a club. Eyes glabrous, coarsely granulate. Labrum (Fig. 2C) transverse, trapezoidal, wider at middle; swelling transversely near base; distal margin arched; setae of varied sizes, more concentrated near angles and shorter near middle. Epipharynx (Fig. 3B) transverse with one row of wide and short setae near each fore angle, and several campaniform sensilla below; a stout long seta at middle, marginate anteriorly by campaniform sensilla; fine and dense setae inwardly directed surrounded laterally and posteriorly median seta. Mandibles (Fig. 3C–D) symmetrical, elongated, strongly curved with two apical and one wide rounded subapical dorsal teeth; with a brush of setae at base; prostheca elongate, fleshy, formed by short setae; long setae between prostheca and mola; mola with lateral short setae, more concentrated dorsally; mesal area microspined internally dorsal and ventrally. Maxilla (Fig. 3E): cardo transverse with an elongate basal condylar projection and with one pore opening at middle; basistipes and mediostipes elongate and triangular; basistipes with one long seta; galea and lacinia (Fig. 3F–G) separated; galea narrowed at base, rounded externally; lacinia elongate with narrowed apex; galea and lacinia covered by stout long setae, more concentrate near apex. Maxillary palpi with four palpomeres: basal one elongate and curved; second and third short, wider than long; distal wide, securiform, 1.8x wider than long. Labium (Fig. 3E) short and wide; ligula subtrapezoidal, emarginate anteriorly, marginate by short setae; with four pair of setae and many campaniform sensilla near middle (distal and basal shorter); prementum band-like; mentum almost as wide as long with lateral margins sinuous; with a pentagonal elevated plate at middle of anterior third area; basal ⅔ widely concave; concavity rounded anteriorly, including four long setae and about four pairs of short setae. Labial papi with three palpomeres; palpiger band-like with crescent sclerotized area; basal elongate, gradually widened to apex; median transverse and wide, with lateral margin curved and four setae; apical elongate, slightly securiform (slightly longer than wide). Thorax. Pronotum (Fig. 2A, C–E) wider than long (1.5x wider than long), slightly convex; slightly narrowed at fore angles; lateral margins almost straight, with narrow flap; stronger convex at middle inside lateral weak grooves; fore angles prominent; posterior margin prominent on median third, forming three rounded weak lobes. Marginal pores opening on posterior third and at posterior and anterior angles. Scutellar shield short (Fig. 2A, D), triangular, wider than long; fore angles rounded; glabrous with a few punctures. Elytra (Fig. 2A, E) elongate, 1.55x longer than wide, slightly wider than the basal margin of pronotum; lateral margins parallel on anterior half and slightly and roundly narrowed apically; apices conjointly and widely rounded; moderately convex, lateral margins marginated; nine striae marked by row of coarse punctures; interstices flat and almost same width. Prosternum (Fig. 2B, E) wide; prosternal process gradually expanded apically, with lateral carinae and bilobed apex; two pore openings, one on each side near margin of the prosternal process; procoxal lines straight, not surpassing coxae. Mesoventrite small, slightly convex, anterior edge sinuate, mesocoxal lines curved. Metaventrite convex, glabrous, punctures fine and sparse; metacoxal lines conspicuous; discrimen 0.71x as long as metaventrite. Legs (Fig. 2B, E): procoxae oval; mesocoxae almost globular; metacoxae transverse. Femora wide, smooth, without spines or other outgrowths, slightly constricted subapically, making ventral angles rounded. Tibiae flat, widened apically, internal margin and apex somewhat setose, setae more concentrated on protibiae; two apical spurs. Tarsomeres 1–3 widened and densely setose beneath, tarsal claws simple. Abdomen (Fig. 2B, E). Ventrites I–V transverse; I–II longer; III–V almost same length; apical narrower, with distal margin widely curved; ventrites with punctuation fine and irregular, coarser laterally, bearing tiny setae. Male (Fig. 4): Tergite IX (Fig. 4B) narrow, narrower than the width of tergum; gradually slightly narrowed apicad; distal margin widely rounded, marginated by fringe of long setae. Sternite IX (Fig. 4A) elongate, subrectangular at base; apical region roundly narrowed apicad; apex trilobed; lateral lobes widened, extending dorsally and reaching tergite IX; with many long setae, more concentrate laterally; median lobe narrow, shorter than lateral, with distal margin strongly rounded and densely covered the setae. Aedeagus (Fig. 4C–G): penis (median lobe) elongate, curved, with apex narrow; median strut longer than penis, with widened apex; flagellum (virga) longer than penis with head dilated. Parameres short, with many short setae; tegmen slightly expanded basad; tegmen arm short and bilobed. Female (Fig. 5): Tergite VIII (Fig. 5B) wider than long, slightly narrowed at apex; distal margin almost straight; marginated lateral and anteriorly by band of setae. Sternite VIII (Fig. 5A) transverse with lateral margins slightly rounded; basal prolongation 4.4x sternite length. Bursa elongate, membranous, with microspines. Coxites (Fig. 5D) elongate and setose, surrounded by a ring formed by tergite and sternite IX; each coxite with one segmented stylus with several setae at apex. Spermatheca (Fig. 5C) large and oval; spermathecal ducts sclerotized. Material examined. BRAZIL. Amazonas: Benjamin Constant, II.940; ex-Coll J. Guérinn16383; Pselaphacus / psecilosomus Lac., J. Guérin. det. 1944 (1 specimen MZSP56285). Mato Grosso do Sul: Três Lagoas, Horto Barra da Moeda, Três Lagoas Agroflorestal / 21.XII.1993, Flechtmann col., Ethanol trap in Eucaliptus grandis stand (1 specimen MZSP56282). Minas Gerais. Uberlândia, Rancho Talismã Ana Gabriela. Rio Aguari / 25.XI.2018. Thiago Polizei & Alice Sparvoli leg. (1♂, 4♀ MZSP 49098 -49102). São Paulo: Piracicaba, XI.1961, R. Reichardt col. (1 specimen MZSP56283). Salto Grande, 8.V.2000, Santos-Silva col. (1 specimen MZSP56284). Marilia, II.945; ex-Coll. J. Guérin 17413; Pselaphacus psecilosomus Lac., J. Guérin. det. 1945 (2 specimens MZSP 56286-56287). Castilho, marg. esq. r. Paraná, X. 1964 Exp. Depto Zool. (2 specimens MZSP 56288-56289). Variation. The coloration is variable among the eleven examined specimens. All specimens are black with pronotum and elytra brownish-orange with black marks. On the pronotum the median basal black area is narrowed apically, reaching or not anterior margin. Sometimes the longitudinal prolongation is interrupted forming a black area starting at anterior margin. On the elytra, the sizes of black marks are variable. Variation in size was observed in specimens from different localities. Uberlândia specimens (n=5) total body length 10.4–11.0 mm; pronotum length 2.20–2.35 mm, greatest width 4.0– 4.1 mm and elytra length 7.75– 7.65 mm. Marília specimens (n=2) total body length 12.0– 12.20 mm; pronotum length 2.55–2.6 mm, greatest width 4.75–