An overview of Hyalomma infestation in livestock and human beings

Hyalomma ticks are among the most prevalent parasites affecting livestock, including camels, in warm, arid, and semi-arid regions. Hyalomma species are generally medium to large in size and possess long mouthparts. While the majority exhibit a three-host life cycle, some species follow one- or two-host cycles. Hyalomma ticks are known to transmit or maintain numerous bacterial, viral, and protozoan pathogens. These ticks play a role in spreading major haemoparasitic diseases such as babesiosis, theileriosis, and anaplasmosis in cattle, which result in significant economic losses in cattle farming.