Prevalence of Different Uro-Pathogenes along with Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern in Tertiary Care Hospital of Saurashtra Region, Gujarat

Aim: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the infection or inflammation of urogenital tract involving urethra, bladder, ureter and kidney caused by microorganism like bacteria, fungal and parasite. UTI is Common healthcare burden affecting male and female but incidence in female was higher because of various reason-like anatomy of female urinary tract. UTI can be community acquired or hospital acquired, in hospital acquired UTIs chances of multi drug resistance isolate is higher. Therefore, this study aims to detect the prevalence and the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of UTIs patients in tertiary care hospital of Saurashtra region of Gujarat. Material and Methodology: Retrospective study conducted over a period of 1 year. Clean catch mid-stream urine samples of patients received at present laboratory who were tentatively diagnosed as case of UTI. Total 900 samples tested according to standard bacteriological methods. Urine samples were cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar and bacteria identified standard biochemical tests, catalase, oxidase, gram stain and motility, and for antibiotic susceptibility pattern we used Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Result: Total 900 samples of urine received from various wards and ICUs of our hospital. Among 900 samples 243 samples was culture positive and prevalence of UTIs was 27%. Majority of urine samples (65.02%) was of female of reproductive age and maximum samples received from medicine ward followed by surgical wards. In our study, gram negative bacteria most commonly isolated then gram positive bacteria. E. coli was the most common organism isolated which is followed by klebsiella and other bacteria. It was seen that E. coli was highly sensitive to Ceftazidime-avibactam (95.63%) followed by Fosfomycin (94.27%) and meropenem (91.36%). Among gram positive organism, enterococcus was isolated in more number (8.64%) then S. aureus (0.82%). Fortunately, both the organisms were fully susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid. For UTIs most sensitive drug was nitrofurantoin. High level Gentamicin resistance was 41.36% for enterococcus spp. Conclusion: the UTIs in female is quite common and it is necessary to identify microorganism causing UTIs and study their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Timely management of UTIs with antibiotic can prevent progression of complicated UTIs. Therefore, physicians must follow antibiotic steward ship and change their treatment based on performing antibiotics susceptibility testing.