Review on Theoretical Study of Capecitabine Use in Colon Cancer

Capecitabine, an oral prodrug of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), has emerged as a cornerstone in the chemotherapeutic management of colon cancer, particularly in adjuvant and metastatic settings. This theoretical review explores the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, and toxicity profile of capecitabine in colon cancer treatment. The drug’s tumor-selective activation via thymidine phosphorylase and its oral administration confers potential advantages regarding patient convenience and quality of life. Clinical studies have demonstrated comparable efficacy between capecitabine and intravenous 5-FU regimens, with varying toxicity profiles. Furthermore, this review examines the molecular basis of capecitabine’s action, resistance mechanisms, and potential for combination therapy with targeted agents. By synthesizing current literature and theoretical frameworks, this review aims to provide a deeper understanding of capecitabine’s role in colorectal cancer therapy and inform future directions in personalized oncology.