Microhylidae Gunther 1858

Microhylidae Elachistocleis magna (Fig. 7E). The genus Elachistocleis Parker, 1927 currently comprises 18 species widely distributed throughout the Neotropical region from Panama to central Argentina (Frost et al. 2024). The taxonomy of this genus has been discussed in the last decade and still comprise many cryptic species, unnamed lineages, and synonyms (Toledo et al. 2010; De Sá et al. 2012; Peloso et al. 2016; Pansonato et al. 2018; Novaes-e-Fagundes et al. 2022). Recently, a comprehensive study also shed light on the fact that many characters traditionally used to diagnose Elachistocleis species failed to accurately delimit the current valid species (Novaes-e-Fagundes et al. 2022). Our gene tree recovered the Elachistocleis population from Caseara as Elachistocleis magna Toledo, 2010 (Supplementary material). The patterns of ventral color of Caseara population are highly variable, ranging from immaculate to spotted. These intraspecific variable patterns are known for the genus, and the use of additional data is necessary to identify species of this genus (Pereyra et al. 2013; Novaes-e-Fagundes et al. 2022). The calls of Elachistocleis magna from Caseara is similar with those presented by Marinho et al. (2018), except for the higher dominant frequency (3656.2 to 3962.1 Hz; 3140.0 to 3750.0 Hz in E. magna from Espigão d’Oeste, Rondônia) (Fig. 7F, Table S3).