INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES ON HEMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS IN ELDERLY PATIENTS UNDERGOING LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY

Advances in laparoscopic technology have significantly improved surgical outcomes by reducing operative trauma, enhancing recovery speed, and minimizing postoperative complications. These benefits are particularly crucial for elderly patients, who often have multiple comorbidities affecting perioperative management. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a common minimally invasive procedure, but in elderly patients, it presents challenges due to intraoperative hemodynamic fluctuations caused by pneumoperitoneum and patient positioning. This study aims to compare the effects of combined multimodal anesthesia (CMA) incorporating epidural block with mechanical ventilation versus total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) on hemodynamic stability in elderly patients. The research analyzes intraoperative cardiovascular parameters, including blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and cardiac output, as well as postoperative recovery markers.