VALORIZATION OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL WASTE: ACHIEVEMENTS, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS. REVIEW

Valorization of agro-industrial by-products is considered a key area for the formation of sustainable food systems and efficient use of resources, waste reduction and compliance with the principles of a circular economy. The aim of this article is to review and comprehensively analyze the results of scientific research on the valorization of agro-industrial waste. The study materials include 87 highly cited peer-reviewed publications selected from leading international databases by topical relevance for the period 2020-2025. Within the framework of the strategy for the transition to a circular economy, valorization of food waste as a process of converting waste into valuable resources through sustainable technological solutions is of particular importance. The use of modern extraction methods, such as ultrasonic and enzymatic treatment, contributes to the efficient isolation of bioactive compounds, including natural antioxidants of particular interest. These compounds have pronounced protective properties against diseases associated with oxidative stress and are used as natural ingredients in the production of food, medicines and cosmetics. Innovative technologies, including ultrasonic extraction, microencapsulation, spray drying, lyophilization, use of deep eutectic solvents and colloidal systems, which demonstrate high efficiency in extracting biologically active substances from agro-industrial waste, are of great importance. At the same time, there are several problems associated with the scalability of production, economic feasibility, regulatory framework and perception by end consumers. Further scientific research should be aimed at the use of valorized products in functional foods and nutraceuticals. The results of the review can be used in further scientific research, as well as by food industry specialists when choosing methods for processing agro-industrial waste.