Clinical Profile and Precipitating Factors of Diabetic Ketoacidosis at Tertiary Care Centre in Western Rajasthan

Abstract Introduction: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma are the two most common acute complications of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, the present study has been planned to evaluate the profile of precipitating factors and clinical profile of DKA and to decrease mortality due to lack of information. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted in Department of Medicine at S.N Medical college, Jodhpur on 150 Diabetic ketoacidosis patients from JAN 2019-JAN 2020. During hospitalization, Patients were evaluated in terms of the detailed history and clinical examination to rule out probable risk of various infections and drug compliance. Result: Majority of cases belonged to age group 21-40 years (36.8%). Pain abdomen was the most common complaint found in 86 (59.7%) cases. In our study, 14(9.7%) were newly diagnosed diabetic and majority of cases had their HbA1c level >9.0. Infection was the most common precipitating found in 45.1% cases. Conclusion: The most common precipitating factors are infection and non-compliance to anti-diabetic treatment. A significant proportion of patients can present as DKA as first presentation. Prompt and effective treatment can reduce morbidity and mortality.