An In-Depth Analysis of Myopia in Adolescents: Identifying Key Factors Using IOL Master Data

Background: Myopia is a rapidly increasing vision disorder, particularly prevalent in adolescents, leading to long-termcomplications if untreated. Identifying the etiological factors contributing to myopia during adolescence is essential fordeveloping preventive and management strategies.Purpose: This study aims to analyze biometric parameters associated with myopia in adolescents aged 10-18 years usingdata from IOL Master technology, focusing on axial length, corneal curvature, and other critical ocular measurements.Material and Method: A single-center prospective observational study was conducted from August 2023 to July 2024at Tertiary eye care centre, Surat, on a sample of 1000 adolescents (2000 eyes) with myopia or myopic astigmatism.Data collection involved detailed eye examinations, including slit-lamp evaluations and IOL Master measurements, toassess axial length, corneal curvature, and anterior chamber depth. Statistical analysis was performed to determinecorrelations between myopia causes and age or gender distribution.Results: Axial elongation emerged as the primary factor associated with myopia progression across all age groups, withnotable gender-based differences in its prevalence. Corneal curvature abnormalities were more significant in youngeradolescents, particularly females aged 10-12. The study findings align with previous research emphasizing axial length'srole in myopia but also suggest additional gender and age-related influences.Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of axial length as a primary contributor to adolescent myopia. Earlydetection and interventions targeting axial elongation are crucial for effective management. Further research into ageand gender-based differences in myopia etiology could enhance preventive strategies.