CONCEPT OF ECOSYSTEM. ABOUT THE CONCEPTS OF "ECOSYSTEM" BY A. TENSLEY AND "BIOGENOCENOSE" BY V.N.SUKACHEV

This article analyzes the theoretical and practical foundations of ecosystems and biogeocenoses. The concept of ecosystem was introduced by A.G.Tansley and represents the interaction between living organisms and their environment. VN Sukachev’s concept of biogeocenosis considers these relations adapted to the geographical location. The article discusses energy flow, trophic levels, detritus food chains and key drivers of productivity, as well as the effects of human activities on ecosystems. Examples include rainforests, coral reefs and reforestation initiatives. This article highlights the importance of applying the principles of environmental management and sustainability .