Effect of Mn2+ Replacement on the Optical, Structural, and Magnetic Properties of Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles

Co-precipitation was employed to successfully synthesise nanoparticles of copper ferrite Cu1-xMnxFe2O4 (x= 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0) that were both undoped and cobalt-doped. X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrated that all samples exhibited a single cubic spinel structure with clear outlines. The XRD measurements showed an increase in crystallite size from 10.2 to 20 nm. As the Mn2+ content increased, the lattice parameter rose from 8.332 to 8.371. With a higher concentration of Mn2+ ions, it was observed that the band gap energy of nanoferrites decreased from 3.65 to 3.20 eV. In copper ferrite matrices, it was found that the Mn2+ ratio increased along with the luminescence intensity. The graph indicates that saturation magnetisation increased with rising manganese ion concentration. According to the M-H loops, saturation magnetisation spiked as the manganese ion concentration increased.