Enhanced Thermal and Hydraulic Performance of Corrugated Plate Heat Exchanger Using CeO2 and CuO Nanofluids: A Comparative Study

ABSTRACT: This study presents an in-depth examination of the heat transfer and hydraulic characteristics of a compact plate heat exchanger (CPHE) utilizing CeO2/water and CuO/water nanofluids as working fluids. Heat transfer and pressure drop properties were assessed across an extensive range of nanoparticle volume concentrations (0.25-2 vol. %) and coolant flow rates (1-6 LPM), with operational temperatures sustained under standard industrial conditions. The thermophysical parameters of the nanofluids, such as viscosity, heat capacity, density and thermal conductivity, were established before experimentation to ensure accuracy in performance assessment. The results revealed a substantial enhancement in heat transfer performance, with the maximum heat transfer coefficient observed at a 2 vol. % nanoparticle concentration and a 6 LPM flow rate. The heat transfer coefficient exhibited a positive correlation with increasing flow rate, demonstrating superior convective heat transfer behavior compared to the base fluid. At optimal conditions, the CeO2/water and CuO/water nanofluids achieved a 54% and 67% improvement in heat transfer coefficient, respectively, while the corresponding increase in hydraulic pumping power remained below 9%, indicating an efficient balance between thermal enhancement and flow resistance. These findings suggest that both nanofluids offer a viable solution for heat transfer intensification in compact heat exchangers, with potential applications in industrial cooling systems where increased thermal efficiency and manageable pressure drop are critical.