ANCIENT EGYPTIAN GARDEN-PARK ART

This article describes the history of the ancient Egyptian garden parks, their origin, and the composition of the Egyptian gardens. Such general concepts as the ancient Egyptian garden, an organic combination of religious, utilitarian and aesthetic functions are highlighted. The ancient Egyptians created an advanced irrigation system, built canals that supplied water to fields, and hydraulic structures that protected cities and settlements from floods during river floods. Magnificent palaces, majestic and durable temple complexes, pyramids, partially preserved to the present day, were built from valuable building materials - granite, limestone, sandstone, etc., which Ancient Egypt is rich in. Architectural monuments of the Ancient Kingdom (ABB.28-23 centuries BC) pyramids of the pharaohs and tombs of the nobility, temples with columns in the form of lotus, palm, papyrus (pyramids of Giza: Cheops, Chephren and Mycerinus. The Middle Kingdom (ABB.21-18vv) stone tombs decorated with paintings on traditional themes. The shapes of temples with two rows of columns and a high middle part. The New Kingdom (XVI-XI centuries BC) – temples consisted of a sanctuary, a closed hall with columns and a closed courtyard surrounded by a blank wall. Gardens were very common in Egypt. The houses of the nobility were always surrounded by gardens, which varied in location and wealth depending on the condition of the owner. Especially large and rich gardens belonged to the kings. Temples of the gods are usually surrounded by luxurious gardens, and funds for their creation often came from kings. For example, the Harris papyrus says that Ramses III ordered large and luxurious gardens to be laid out for the temples of the gods of Heliopolis. "For your temple, vol... I have built large gardens planted with grapes and cabbage soup... I have created alleys of olive trees in your city. I have provided these seedlings to gardeners and many technicians who will make the purest Egyptian oil needed to light the lamps in your luxurious temple. I gave you pistachio groves and ponds covered with lotuses, sitnikas, herbs and flowers from different countries — Tetmer, An-Haut — fragrant and pleasant to look at your magnificent face. Currently, interest in Garden and Park art is growing rapidly, which, along with new research in the field of Garden and park art, forces us to also assimilate the legacy of the past in order to be able to extract from this heritage everything that is valuable to us. The history of parks and parks of different eras and peoples is covered in the literature 1) not in the same detail. There is the most detailed information about parks and parks of the XVI—XVIII centuries. In this article, we will give a description of ancient Egyptian and Assyro-Babylonian gardens and parks based on the study of some literary and artistic monuments of Egypt and Assyria-Babylon.